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December 2007 vol. 52, no. 12
FEATURES
24 A Changing Climate First, Margaret Leinen sits down with Geotimes to discuss some of the big climate topics of the year, such as how the release of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s Fourth Assessment Report is changing the political and scientific landscape. Then we take a look at the question of regulating carbon dioxide and fuel efficiency standards. Finally, we examine the famous faces of climate change. Plus! Glacial melting, icebergs providing nutrients, scientists competing for climate prizes and more climate stories
30 Energy Shifts Perhaps no two fields are more linked than climate and energy in the big stories of 2007, as evidenced by our discussion with Truman Semans about how the business world is getting involved in the climate and energy debate, and our look at how Congress seeks to link the two issues. Plus! Peak ethanol, the new precious metals, standardizing oil and gas reserves and more energy stories
36 Hazards As man meets nature in the built environment, disaster often occurs, as we discuss with Scott Burns. Such disaster includes the massive wildfires in Greece and California, the floods in the American Midwest and England and the drought in the American South. Additionally, Kevin Trenberth gives us a look at the growing discussion of “geoengineering” Earth to our benefit. Plus! Earthquakes, mud volcanoes, tsunami legislation and other hazards stories
42 Deep Earth This year, much research has been published on everything from new seismological techniques to see Earth’s inner structure to defining the core-mantle boundary, as Rob van der Hilst and Guy Masters tell Geotimes. Plus! Early Earth research, finding Tibet’s missing anchor, drilling the San Andreas Fault and more deep Earth stories
47 Planetary Exploration Arguably two of the biggest space stories this year were the ongoing search for water on Mars and figuring out what’s going on with our sun: Richard Zurek tells Geotimes about Mars, and Dan Baker speaks solar. Plus! Twelve months of Hubble discoveries, other planets’ cores, the latest on Saturn and its moons and other space stories
54 Ancient Life Genetics stole some of the paleontology spotlight this year. Geotimes talked with Ian Barnes about using DNA to learn more about extinct creatures. And Olaf Bininda-Emonds and John Wible detail the latest thinking in mammalian evolution. Plus!Homo finds, dinosaur discoveries and more paleontology stories
NEWS
NOTES
8 NEWS Mummy hair tells gruesome story *
Climate spawned mass migration from Africa *
Hobbit or not: All in the wrists *
Water problems ahead if ethanol continues to expand *
Toothy duck-billed dinosaur found *
Lassoing an asteroid *
Loma Prieta not from a weak fault? *
Birthing the Sierra Nevada *
Argon’s gassy ride to the atmosphere *
Forecast: Methane drizzle over Xanadu *
Analyzing volcanic ash risk *
Fore-arc basins may forecast earthquakes *
ENSO lengthens the days of our lives *
Birth of a planet *
It’s a small world *
New biofuel on the rise in Mali *
Mineral resource of the month: niobium (columbium)
VIEWS
7 A COMMENT ON... Geoscience and International Decisions on Adapting to Climate Change Should we or shouldn’t we try to develop strategies to enhance societal resilience to climate change? That is the question. Nathan Hultman
84 GEOLOGIC COLUMN Underground Coal Mining Health and Safety: A View From the Inside In August, Americans were transfixed by the coal mining disaster in Utah. In the wake of the disaster, questions have been asked about mine safety and education. George Luxbacher
DEPARTMENTS
4FROM THE MANAGING EDITOR 6LETTERS: Perspectives
from Readers 22WHERE ON EARTH?
59GEOMEDIA Museums:Blending of Art and Science Products:Holiday Gifts for Geologists Books:Holiday On the Shelf Mailing:A Scientific Way to Mail Your Holiday Cards
64GEOMARKETPLACE 65CLASSIFIEDS: Career
opportunities
81BENCHMARKS December 22, 1938: The coelacanth is alive!
82DOWN TO EARTH WITH... 2008 Congressional Science Fellows