When Volcanoes Threaten, Scientists Warn Scientists use volcanoes’ pre-eruptive behaviors, such as increasing seismic activity, to warn that an eruption may be imminent. But what happens when a volcano doesn’t explode, and people begin to think the scientists are crying wolf? Enter the case of Tungurahua, Ecuador. Theofilos Toulkeridis, Robert Buchwaldt and Aaron Addison
Yellowstone and Heise: Supervolcanoes That Lighten Up New studies of the volcanic rocks from previous eruptions of the Yellowstone supervolcano and its predecessors give researchers insight into possible future eruptions at America’s first national park. Kathryn Watts
Danger Lurks Deep: The Human Impact of Volcanoes Massive volcanic eruptions may be rare, but they can be deadly, as millions of people live in the shadow of a volcano. A new analysis examines which parts of eruptions are the most hazardous to humans. Joanne Feldman and Robert I. Tilling
Available exclusively in print... New views of Uranus’ rings The sounds of the sands Plate reversal not easing threat of earthquake Mineral Resource of the Month: industrial sand and gravel
BENCHMARKS November 1, 1755: Earthquake Devastates Lisbon Print Exclusive
TRENDS & INNOVATIONS Finding Minerals Beneath the Deep Blue Sea Print Exclusive As the prices of minerals rise and the technologies to find them improve, some companies are beginning to explore a new frontier — beneath the sea. Nicole Branan
EDUCATION & OUTREACH Students Change Their Lifestyles Thanks to the Lifestyle Project, which tests students’ eco-awareness and then challenges them to make changes, students are realizing that even minor changes in behavior can help the environment. Nicole Branan
viewsA COMMENT ON ... Coastal Development: The Galveston Case, Part II The world’s coastlines are being developed, despite calls from scientists to protect natural systems. The public needs to heed these calls, or disaster could await. Jim Gibeaut
A POLITICAL COMMENT ON... Science Legislation: America COMPETES, Geeks Rule and Everybody Wins Congress passed and the president signed the America COMPETES Act this fall. The act is designed to promote science and technology education and, if funded as designed, is a win-win situation for everyone. Linda Rowan
GEOLOGIC COLUMN You Must Remember This … Those pesky mnemonic devices you learned in grade school can come in handy in college and at work when trying to remember everything from the planets’ order to rock hardness. Lisa A. Rossbacher
coverON THE COVER
Ecuador’s Tungurahua volcano has been erupting intermittently for the past eight years. Read more in this issue. Photo is courtesy of Alois Speck, CGVG-USFQ.